Details for: PEGASYS
Company: HOFFMANN-LA ROCHE LIMITED
| DIN | DIN name | Active Ingredient(s) | Strength | Dosage Form | Route of Administration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 02248077 | PEGASYS | PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A | 180 MCG / 0.5 ML | SOLUTION | SUBCUTANEOUS |
Consumer Information
This information was provided by the drug’s manufacturer when this drug product was approved for sale in Canada. It is designed for consumers and care givers. It is a summary of information about the drug and will not tell you everything about the drug. Contact your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions about the drug.
What the medication is used for
PEGASYS (peginterferon alfa-2a) is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in:
- Adult patients without cirrhosis
- Adult patients with compensated cirrhosis,
including HCV/HIV co-infection patients with stable HIV disease with or without antiretroviral therapy.
PEGASYS is indicated for the treatment of both HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B in:
- Patients with compensated liver disease, liver inflammation and evidence of viral replication (both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic disease).
PEGASYS is not authorized for use in children and adolescents under the age of 18 years (see SIDE EFFECTS AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT THEM).
What it does
PEGASYS is a prescription medication belonging to the family of drugs called interferons. “Interferon” refers to a kind of protein normally made in a person’s body. Interferons are a normal part of your body’s defense system for fighting disease. Scientists can also make interferons outside of the body for use as medicines. Another name for PEGASYS is peginterferon alfa-2a. PEGASYS is a modified interferon that is different from the interferon made in a person’s body. This modification helps the interferon (PEGASYS) stay in your body for a prolonged time and allows PEGASYS to be injected only once a week.
No one knows exactly how interferons work. However, treatment with PEGASYS increases your body’s natural defense system for fighting disease.
When it should not be used
- you ever had an allergic reaction to other alpha interferons, or any of the ingredients in PEGASYS.
- you have autoimmune hepatitis (hepatitis caused by your immune system attacking your liver).
- you have unstable or advanced liver disease.
- you have an autoimmune disease (where the body’s immune system attacks the body’s own cells) such as psoriasis (a skin disease) or sarcoidosis.
- you are coinfected with HIV and you have unstable or advanced liver disease, as determined by your doctor.
- neonates and infants because the PEGASYS component contains benzyl alcohol. There have been rare reports of death in neonates and infants associated with excessive exposure to benzyl alcohol. The amount of benzyl alcohol at which toxicity or adverse effects may occur in neonates or infants is not known.
- you have a history of or current mental illness (such as depression or anxiety). PEGASYS therapy may make them worse. Tell your doctor if you are being treated or had treatment in the past for any mental problems, including depression, thoughts of ending your life (suicidal thoughts) or a feeling of loss of contact with reality, such as hearing voices or seeing things that are not there (psychosis). Tell your doctor if you take any medicines for these problems.
- you have problems with your thyroid gland.
- you are breast feeding.
What the medicinal ingredient is
peginterferon alfa-2a
What the non-medicinal ingredients are
acetic acid, benzyl alcohol, polysorbate 80, sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium chloride and water for injection
What dosage form it comes in
Pre-filled Syringes: Each syringe contains 180 mcg of PEGASYS in a 0.5 mL volume.
Vials: Each vial contains 180 mcg of PEGASYS in a 1 mL volume.
ProClick® Autoinjector: Each autoinjector contains 180 mcg of PEGASYS in a 0.5 mL volume.
Warnings and precautions
Serious Warnings and Precautions
Interferons, including PEGASYS cause or aggravate fatal or life-threatening neuropsychiatric (mental illness), autoimmune (where the body’s immune system attacks the body’s own cells), ischemic (conditions in which blood flow, and thus oxygen, is restricted to a part of the body) and infectious disorders. If you have persistently severe or worsening signs or symptoms of these conditions you should contact your doctor. Your doctor will assess you and may discontinue you from therapy. In many cases, but not all cases, these disorders resolve after stopping interferon therapy.
BEFORE you use PEGASYS talk to your doctor or pharmacist if:
- you are pregnant or breast-feeding or are planning to become pregnant.
- you have a history of or current mental illness (such as depression or anxiety).
- you have a history of drug or alcohol addiction or abuse.
- you have high blood pressure or a history of heart disease or previous heart attack or high blood fat (such as elevated triglyceride or cholesterol levels).
- you have a history of cancer.
- you have kidney problems.
- you have blood disorders, including anemia (low red blood cell count), thalassemia (Mediterranean anemia) and sickle-cell anemia
- you are taking any other medicines, including those not prescribed by your doctor. Your doctor should know if you are taking medicines called methadone or theophylline.
- you are taking the Chinese herbal medicine sho-saiko-to, also known as Xiao-Chai-Hu.
- you have had an organ transplant and are taking medicine that keeps your body from rejecting your transplant (suppresses your immune system).
- you have diabetes (high blood sugar).
- you have problems with your thyroid gland.
- you have liver problems (other than hepatitis C or hepatitis B)
- you have lung (respiratory) problems, such as pneumonia, shortness of the breath, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).
This information will help your doctor and you decide whether you should use PEGASYS and what extra care may need to be taken while you are on these medicine. If you have any doubts about your health condition or about taking PEGASYS, talk to your doctor.
Interactions with this medication
Drugs that may interact with PEGASYS include: methadone, sho-saiko-to/Xiao-Chai-Hu and theophylline.
Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking Sebivo® (telbivudine) for chronic hepatitis B because taking this medicine together with PEGASYS may increase your risk of developing peripheral neuropathy (numbness, weakness, tingling, and/or burning sensations, or pain in the arms and/or legs). The combined use of these medications is not recommended.
Proper use of this medication
Usual dose
How should you take PEGASYS?
Your doctor has prescribed PEGASYS after carefully studying your case. Other people may not benefit from taking this medicine, even though their problems may seem similar to yours. Do not give your PEGASYS to anyone else.
PEGASYS is given as an injection just under the skin, on the stomach or thighs. You may hear people call this type of injection a “subcutaneous” or “Sub Q” injection. This means that the injection goes into the layer of fat just under the skin. If you have any questions about how to take PEGASYS or have trouble giving yourself the injections, call your doctor immediately.
Your healthcare provider will tell you how much medicine to take and how often to take it. PEGASYS is a ready-to-use solution usually given as a single injection once per week. Make sure that you drink plenty of fluids while you are being treated with PEGASYS.
PEGASYS is supplied in three different ways: pre-filled syringes, autoinjectors, and vials. It is important that you follow the specific instructions for using the kind of PEGASYS that your doctor has prescribed. Whether you give yourself the injection, or another person gives the injection to you, it is important to follow the instructions (see Appendix 1 - How to use) in this information sheet.
How long will you have to take PEGASYS?
Your doctor will tell you how long you need to use PEGASYS. Over time, your doctor may change your dose of PEGASYS. For information on how to change your dose of PEGASYS, see the section called “How do you use PEGASYS?” Only change your dose of PEGASYS if your doctor tells you to change it.
After 3 months of therapy, your doctor may ask you to have a blood test to determine how you are responding to your treatment.
What should you do if your doctor changes your dose of PEGASYS?
If your doctor changes your dose of PEGASYS, you will need to pull a different amount of medicine into the syringe from the vial. Your doctor will tell you which mark on the syringe to use. Do not change your dose of PEGASYS unless your doctor tells you to.
If you ever switch between using pre-filled syringes, autoinjectors, and vials, talk to your healthcare provider about how much PEGASYS to use. Equal volumes of liquid from the pre-filled syringes, autoinjectors, and the vials DO NOT contain the same amount of PEGASYS. If you switch between pre-filled syringes and vials, you will have to adjust the volume of liquid that you use to give your injection. If you do not adjust this, you could accidentally take too much or too little of your medicine.
The autoinjector is designed to deliver the full content. If your required dose is not available in an autoinjector, pre-filled syringes or vials should be used.
Are all interferons the same?
Once you start treatment with PEGASYS, do not switch to another brand of interferon and/or ribavirin without talking to your doctor. Other brands may not have the same effect on the treatment of your disease. Switching brands will also require a change in your dose.
Overdose
If you take more than the prescribed amount of PEGASYS, call your doctor right away. Your doctor may want to examine you and take blood for testing.
Missed Dose
If you miss a dose of PEGASYS and remember within 2 days of the scheduled dose, give yourself an injection of PEGASYS as soon as you remember. Take your next PEGASYS dose on the day you would usually take it. If more than 2 days have passed, ask your doctor what you should do.
To get the most benefit from this medicine, it is important to take PEGASYS exactly as your doctor and healthcare providers tell you.
Side effects and what to do about them
Unwanted effects are possible with all medicines. PEGASYS can cause some serious side effects. Before starting PEGASYS, you should talk with your doctor about the possible benefits and possible side effects of treatment. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you are worried about side effects or find them very bothersome. There may be a way to relieve your symptoms. While taking PEGASYS, you will need to see your doctor regularly for medical examinations and blood tests to make sure your treatment is working and to check for side effects.
The most common side effects of interferon therapy, including PEGASYS are:
- Flu-like symptoms such as unusual tiredness, fever, chills, muscle aches, joint pain, and headaches. Most people have mild to moderate flu-like symptoms, but these usually decrease after the first few weeks of treatment. Taking acetaminophen (e.g. Tylenol®) or ibuprofen (e.g. Advil®) before you take PEGASYS can help with these symptoms. Ask your pharmacist or doctor for a recommendation as to which pain reliever to take. You can also try taking PEGASYS at night. You may be able to sleep through the symptoms.
Other common side effects can occur with PEGASYS, but are usually mild. These may include:
- Upset stomach, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, back pain, trouble sleeping, poor concentration, dizziness, decreased sexual desire, numbness or tingling, rash, dry itchy skin, hair thinning, redness and swelling at the injection site, problems with blood sugar, feeling tired and cough.
The serious possible side effects of interferon therapy, including PEGASYS are:
- Mood or behavioral problems including irritability (getting easily upset), depression (feeling low, feeling bad about yourself or feeling hopeless), and anxiety. Some patients may have aggressive behaviour (sometimes directed towards others) or develop thoughts about ending their lives (suicidal thoughts) and may attempt to do so. A few patients have ended their lives.
- Blood related disorders such as pancytopenia (marked decreases in red and white blood cells and platelets) and different forms of anemia
- A drop in the number of white blood cells causing a risk for infection, and drop in platelets resulting in bleeding if the numbers drop too low.
- Serious infections (bacterial, viral or fungal).
- Lung problems, such as difficulty breathing, pneumonia, or high blood pressure of the lungs (pulmonary hypertension.
- Eye problems that may cause blurred vision, a visual field deficit, or loss of vision.
- Autoimmune problems (where the body’s own immune system begins to attack itself) including psoriasis or thyroid problems.
- Chest pain and very rarely heart attack.
- If you have chronic hepatitis B: A rise in a blood test that measures your liver function.
- Stroke: some patients may have weakness, loss of coordination and numbness
- Nerve problems: some patients may have numbness, tingling or burning sensation in the arms or legs
- Effect on growth in children: In a clinical study, it was observed that children can experience a delay in weight gain and height increase while being treated with PEGASYS and another drug called COPEGUS. Catch-up in growth happens after treatment stops, but some children may not reach the height that they were expected to have before treatment. (PEGASYS is not authorized for use in children and adolescents under the age of 18 years.)
| Symptom / effect | Talk with your doctor or pharmacist Only if severe | Talk with your doctor or pharmacist In all cases | Stop taking drug and call your doctor or pharmacist |
|---|---|---|---|
| Less Common | |||
| Depressed or think of suicide | ✔ | ||
| Experience hallucinations, aggressiveness or confusion, or have trouble sleeping or concentrating | ✔ | ||
| Severe chest pain or irregular heart beat | ✔ | ||
| Trouble breathing or persistent cough | ✔ | ||
| A problem with your eyesight, a change in your vision (such as blurred vision, a visual field deficit or loss of vision), or hearing problem | ✔ | ||
| Unusual bleeding or bruising including severe nosebleeds | ✔ | ||
| Psoriasis (skin disease) and it gets worse while taking medicine | ✔ | ||
| Serious skin rash, hives, swelling or itching | ✔ | ||
| High fever or chills, or have pain when urinating | ✔ | ||
| Severe stomach pain or lower back pain | ✔ | ||
| Bloody diarrhea | ✔ | ||
| Woman and become pregnant | ✔ | ||
| Weakness, loss of coordination and numbness, tingling or burning sensation in the arms or legs | ✔ | ||
If you are concerned about these or any other unexpected effects while on PEGASYS, talk to your doctor or pharmacist.
How to store
PEGASYS must be stored in the refrigerator at a temperature of 2-8°C. Do not freeze PEGASYS. Keeping PEGASYS at temperatures outside the recommended range can destroy the medicine.
Do not shake PEGASYS. Shaking can destroy PEGASYS so that it will not work.
Protect PEGASYS from light during storage.
Do not use after expiry date stated on the label.
Keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children.
Appendix 1 How to Use
What is the safe way to handle and dispose of PEGASYS?
If you use PEGASYS at home, you must throw away syringes,
autoinjectors, and needles in a box that will not let the needles
stick through it. This will help protect you and other people
from accidental needle sticks. Being stuck by a needle not
only hurts, but also can pass diseases on to other people.
You can get these special boxes, often called “puncture-resistant containers,” from your doctor or pharmacist. Keep this box out of the reach of children. When the box is full, follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for throwing it away. Placing used boxes in the household waste should be avoided.
For safety reasons, always throw away syringes and needles promptly and never reuse them.
How do you use PEGASYS?
Please ask your doctor what supplies you need for properly
administering this drug.
Pre filled Syringes:
The following instructions will help you learn how to use PEGASYS pre-filled syringes to inject yourself. It is important to follow these directions carefully. Talk to your healthcare provider if you have any concerns about how to use PEGASYS.
If you are giving this injection to someone else, a healthcare provider must teach you how to avoid needle sticks. Being stuck by a needle can pass diseases on to you.
Getting ready
Wash your hands carefully before handling any of the items.
Collect the necessary items before beginning:
Included in the pack:
- a pre-filled syringe of PEGASYS
- an injection needle*
Not included in the pack:
- alcohol swabs
- small bandage or sterile gauze
- a puncture-resistant container for cleaning up when you are finished
You may need to purchase these.
Preparing the syringe and needle for injection
- Remove the protective cap
that covers the back of the
needle (1-2)
- Remove the rubber cap
from the syringe (3). Do
not touch the tip of the
syringe.
- Place the needle firmly on
the tip of the syringe (4).
- Remove the needle guard
from the syringe needle
(5).
- To remove air bubbles from the syringe, hold the syringe with the needle pointing up. Tap the syringe gently to bring the bubbles to the top. Push the plunger up slowly to the correct dose. Replace the needle guard and place the syringe in a horizontal position until ready for use.
- Allow the solution to reach room temperature before injection or warm the syringe between your palms.
- Visually inspect the solution prior to administration. Do not use if it is discoloured (any colour besides colourless to light yellow) or if particles are present and report the lot number to your healthcare provider.
- You are now ready to inject the dose.
Injecting the solution
- Select the injection site in the abdomen or thigh (except your navel or waistline). Change your injection site each time.
- Clean and disinfect the skin where the injection is to be made with an alcohol swab.
- Wait for the area to dry.
- Remove the needle guard.
- With one hand, pinch a fold of loose skin. With your other hand hold the syringe as you would a pencil.
- Insert the needle all the way
into the pinched skin at an
angle of 45° to 90° (6).
- Inject the solution by gently pushing the plunger all the way down.
- Pull the needle straight out of the skin.
Disposal of the injection materials
- Clean up after your injection
- Place the syringe and needle in a puncture-resistant container immediately after use.
- Throw away full containers according to directions provided by your healthcare provider.
Vials:
The following instructions will help you learn how to use PEGASYS vials to inject yourself. Please read all of these directions before trying to take your medicine. It is important to follow these directions carefully. Talk to your healthcare provider if you have any concerns about how to use PEGASYS.
If you are giving this injection to someone else, a healthcare provider must teach you how to avoid needle sticks. Being stuck by a needle can pass diseases on to you.
Getting ready
Wash your hands carefully before handling any of the items. Collect the necessary items before beginning.
Included in the pack:
- a vial of PEGASYS solution for injection.
Not included in the pack:
- alcohol swabs
- 1 mL syringe and needle (recommended: 27 gauge x ½ inch) for subcutaneous administration
- small bandage or sterile gauze
- a puncture-resistant container for cleaning up when you are finished.
You may need to purchase these.
Measuring the dose of PEGASYS
- Remove the protective cap from the PEGASYS vial (1).
- Clean the rubber top of the vial with an alcohol swab.
- Remove the needle and syringe from their packaging.
- Pull the syringe plunger back to the mark on the syringe barrel as instructed; this will pull air into the syringe barrel.
- Remove the needle guard without touching the needle and insert through the center of the stopper on the PEGASYS vial.
- Slowly inject all the air from the syringe into the air space above the solution. Do not inject air into the fluid (2).
- Hold the vial and syringe in one hand and turn the vial and the syringe upside down (3).
- With the syringe pointing up, make certain that the tip of the needle is in the PEGASYS solution. Your other hand will be free to move the plunger of the syringe.
- Slowly pull back on the plunger until the medicine is in the syringe up to the mark specified by your doctor.
- When you have pulled up the medicine to the right mark, pull the syringe needle out of the vial (4).
- Check for air bubbles in the syringe. If you see any bubbles, pull the plunger slightly back. To remove air bubbles from the syringe, hold the syringe with the needle pointing up. Tap the syringe gently to bring the bubbles to the top. Push the plunger up slowly to the correct dose. Replace the needle guard and place the syringe in a horizontal position until ready for use.
- Allow the solution to reach room temperature before injection or warm the syringe between your palms.
- Visually inspect the solution prior to administration. Do not use if it is discoloured (any colour besides colourless to light yellow) or if particles are present and report the lot number to your healthcare provider.
- You are now ready to inject the dose.
Injecting the solution
- Select the injection site in the abdomen or thigh (except your navel or waistline). Change your injection site each time.
- Clean and disinfect the skin where the injection is to be made with an alcohol swab.
- Wait for the area to dry.
- Remove the needle guard.
- With one hand, pinch a fold of loose skin. With your other hand hold the syringe as you would a pencil.
- Insert the needle all the way
into the pinched skin at an
angle of 45° to 90° (5).
- Inject the solution by gently pushing the plunger all the way down.
- Pull the needle straight out of the skin.
Disposal of the injection materials
- Clean up after your injection.
- Place the syringe and needle in a puncture-resistant container immediately after use.
- Throw away full containers according to directions provided by your healthcare provider.
ProClick® Autoinjector:
The following instructions will help you or your caregiver learn how to use the PEGASYS ProClick® autoinjector correctly. These instructions do not replace training from your healthcare provider. Your healthcare provider should show you how to prepare and use your autoinjector properly before you use it for the first time. Ask your healthcare provider any questions you may have. Do not attempt to administer an injection until you are sure that you understand how to use the autoinjector.
The ready to use autoinjector includes a post-injection needle shield that was designed to help prevent needle-stick injuries and keeps the needle non-visible. The autoinjector is for single use only and is then to be discarded.
Do not:
- attempt to open the autoinjector or take it apart.
- expose to excessive forces or shock.
- use through clothing covering the skin.
- use if autoinjector appears to be damaged.
- use if medicine is cloudy, hazy, discoloured or has particles in it.
- shake the autoinjector.
- remove the blue cap if you are not ready to use it.
- re-use the autoinjector.
- push or pull the red needle-shield before, during or after use, as this is a safety device.
Getting ready:
Wash your hands carefully before handling any of the items.
Collect the necessary items before beginning:
Included in the pack:
- a PEGASYS ProClick® autoinjector
Not included in the pack:
- alcohol swabs
- small bandage or sterile gauze
- a puncture-resistant container for cleaning up when you are finished
You may need to purchase these.
ProClick® Autoinjector parts:
How to proceed:
- Visually check the autoinjector
Take the autoinjector out of the refrigerator. Visually examine the autoinjector, as well as the medicine through the viewing window. Do not shake. Do not remove the blue cap. If there is foam on the medicine, put the autoinjector back in the refrigerator and use at a later time.
Dispose of the autoinjector and use another if:
- the medicine is cloudy.
- the medicine contains particles.
- the medicine is any colour besides colourless to light yellow.
- any part of the autoinjector appears to be damaged.
- the expiration date has passed. You will find the expiration date on the box as well as on the label of the autoinjector itself.
- Contact your health care provider or pharmacist if the medicine in the autoinjector is cloudy or contains particles.
Keep the blue protective cap on the autoinjector until Step 4.
Allow the refrigerated autoinjector to adjust to room temperature for about 20 minutes to warm up. Do not warm up autoinjector in any other way.
- Pick a place on your stomach or
thigh (black areas in the picture).
Avoid the 2 inch area around your
belly-button (navel) and your
waistline. You should use a
different place each time you give
yourself an injection. To minimize
discomfort from injections, you
may want to gently tap the area
where you plan to give yourself an injection.
- Clean the injection site using an
alcohol swab. Let the skin dry for
10 seconds. Be sure not to touch the
cleaned area prior to injection.
- Hold the autoinjector firmly with
one hand and pull off the protective
blue cap with the other hand.
NOTE: The cap contains a loose-fitting metal tube. Once the cap is removed, the autoinjector should be used immediately to avoid contamination. If it is not used within 5 minutes, the autoinjector should be disposed and a new autoinjector should be used. Never re-attach the protective blue cap after removal.
- Hold the autoinjector comfortably in
your hand. Pinch and hold a fold of
skin at the injection site with your
free hand, such that the needleshield
can rest on the skin-fold
firmly and safely.
- Place autoinjector straight up and down at a right angle (90°) on the injection site.
- Press the autoinjector firmly against
the skin until the red needle-shield
is completely pushed in.
- The autoinjector is now unlocked and ready for injection.
NOTE: Do not press the blue activation button yet.
- While holding autoinjector firmly in
place, press the blue activation
button with your thumb and
immediately release the blue
button. Make sure to take your
thumb off the blue activation
button and do not press it again.
- You should hear a "click" sound, telling you that the injection has started.
- The red indicator will move down in the viewing window during the injection.
- Keep the autoinjector pressed firmly
on the skin for 10 seconds for
injection to complete.
- You might hear a second click as the blue activation button pops back up.
- The viewing window will now be completely red, confirming that the full dose has been delivered.
- Lift the autoinjector straight up (90°
angle).
- The red needle-shield will automatically move out and lock to prevent needlestick injuries.
- the needle-shield may not have locked.
- Do not touch the tip of the autoinjector, since needlestick injuries may occur.
- you may not have received an entire dose.
- Do not try to use the autoinjector again.
- Do not repeat the injection with another autoinjector.
- Call your healthcare provider for instructions.
CAUTION: If the viewing window is not completely filled by the red indicator:
- Throw away used autoinjector and cap in a puncture-resistant disposable container immediately after use. Recapping is not required.
- Wipe the injection site with an
alcohol swab.
- Wash your hands with soap and water.
- Throw away full containers according to directions provided by your healthcare provider.
Reporting side effects
You can report any suspected adverse reactions associated with the use of health products to the Canada Vigilance Program by one of the following 3 ways:
- Report online at www.healthcanada.gc.ca/medeffect
- Call toll-free at 1-866-234-2345
- Complete a Canada Vigilance Reporting Form and:
- Fax toll-free to 1-866-678-6789, or
- Mail to: Canada Vigilance Program
Health Canada
Postal Locator 0701E
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0K9
Postage paid labels, Canada Vigilance Reporting Form and the adverse reaction reporting guidelines are available on the MedEffect™ Canada Web site at www.healthcanada.gc.ca/medeffect.
NOTE: Should you require information related to the management of side effects, contact your health professional. The Canada Vigilance Program does not provide medical advice.
More information
This brochure does not contain all known information about PEGASYS. If you have any further questions or concerns about your treatment with PEGASYS, please contact your doctor or pharmacist.
This document plus the full product monograph, prepared for health professionals can be found at:
www.rochecanada.com
This leaflet was prepared by Hoffmann-La Roche Limited.
Last revised:
©Copyright 2003–2014, Hoffmann-La Roche Limited
*Injection needle manufactured by Terumo Europe N. V., Interleuvenlaan 40 Leuven, ZZ, Belgium 3001
PEGASYS RBV®, PEGASYS®, ProClick®, and COPEGUS® are registered trade-marks of F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, used under license
All other trade-marks are the property of their respective owners.
 |
Hoffmann-La Roche Limited Mississauga, Ontario L5N 5M8 |